Books John Bowlby and Attachment Theory (Makers of Modern Psychotherapy) by Jeremy Holmes (Author)

John Bowlby's attachment theory focuses on the importance of early emotional bonds between a child and their primary caregiver. It posits that these bonds are innate and critical for a child's survival and development, shaping their social and emotional functioning throughout life.​

Key Concepts of Bowlby's Attachment Theory

Innate Need: Children are born with a biological drive to form attachments, which helps ensure their safety and survival.​

Monotropy: The idea that a child forms a primary, most significant attachment to one main caregiver, usually a parent, that has a profound influence on their development.​

Critical Period: The first 2.5 years of life are vital for forming secure attachments; failure to develop these can lead to long-term difficulties.​

Behavioral Signs: Attachment behaviors such as crying, clinging, and following emerge instinctively when the child perceives threat or separation, serving to maintain proximity to the caregiver.​

Secure Base: When caregivers are responsive and available, children develop a sense of security that encourages exploration and independence. Conversely, lack of responsiveness can lead to insecure attachment.​

Stages of Attachment: The development of attachment occurs in stages—preattachment (birth to about six weeks), attachment-in-the-making (6 weeks to 8 months), and clear-cut attachment (around 8 months onwards).